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Many other Scientologist-run organizations and organizations belong to the umbrella organization World Institute of Scientology Enterprises (WISE), which licenses using Hubbard's management doctrines, and distributes directory sites of WISE-affiliated businesses. WISE requires those who want to end up being Hubbard management speaks with to finish training in Hubbard's administrative systems; this training can be undertaken at any Church of Scientology, or at one of the schools of the Hubbard College of Administration, which provides a Partner of Applied Science Degree.


Another widely known WISE-affiliated service is e. Republic, a publishing business based in Folsom, California. e. Republic publications include Government Technology and Converge publications. The Center for Digital Government is a division of e. Republic that was established in 1999 - Perth Scientology. Web ISP EarthLink was established by Scientologists Sky Dayton and Reed Slatkin as a Scientology business.


This area requires growth. You can assist by contributing to it. In order to assist in the ongoing expansion of Scientology, the Church has made efforts to win allies in the form of effective or reputable individuals. Though it has achieved some trustworthiness as a faith in lots of nations, Scientology has actually likewise been referred to as both a cult and a business business.


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For example, it has been kept in mind to participate in harassment and abuse of civil courts to silence its critics, by recognizing as Fair Video game people it perceives as its enemies. In 1979, several Scientology members were convicted for their participation in the church's Operation Snow White, the biggest theft of federal government files in U.S.


Scientologists were also convicted of scams, murder and tampering with witnesses in French cases, malicious libel against attorney Casey Hill and espionage in Canada. In his book World Religious beliefs in America, spiritual scholar Jacob Neusner mentions that Scientology's "high level of visibility" may be perceived as "threatening to established social organizations".


From 1952 till 1966, Scientology was administered by a company called the Hubbard Association of Scientologists (HAS), established in Arizona on September 10, 1952. In 1954, the HAS became the HASI (HAS International). The Church of Scientology was incorporated in California on February 18, 1954, changing its name to "The Church of Scientology of California" (CSC) in 1956.


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In 1967, the Internal Revenue Service stripped all US-based Scientology entities of their tax exemption, declaring Scientology's activities were commercial and run for the benefit of Hubbard. Controversy followed the church on those years, however its growth continued in the 1960s. New churches were formed in Paris (1959 ), Denmark (1968 ), Sweden (1969 ), and Germany (1970 ).




Centers of Scientology remained in 52 nations by the time the 80s was available in and grew to 74 by 1992. The church sued and lost repeatedly for 26 years attempting to regain its tax-exempt status. The case was eventually settled in 1993, at which time the church paid $12. see 5 million to the IRSgreatly less than Internal Revenue Service had actually initially description demandedand the Internal Revenue Service recognized the church as a tax-exempt not-for-profit organization.




Scientology mentions its tax exemption as proof the United States federal government accepts it as a religion. In January 2009, elimination of the tax exemption was rated as number 9 in products for the incoming Barack Obama administration to examine, as identified in an internet poll run by the presidential transition group obtaining public input for the incoming administration. church of scientology perth address.


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State Department has criticized Western European nations for discrimination versus Scientologists in its released annual International Religious Freedom report, based upon the International Religious Flexibility Act of 1998. In some countries Scientology is dealt with legally as a company, and not as a faith or charitable organization. [] In early 2003, in Germany, The Church of Scientology was granted a tax-exemption for the 10% license charges sent out to the US. The word Scientology (and lots of related terms, consisting of L. Ron Hubbard) is a registered hallmark. Religious Innovation Center, the owner of the trademarks and copyrights, takes a tough line on individuals and groups who try to use it in ways unaffiliated with the main Church (see Scientology and the legal system).


Ron Hubbard appointed Mary Sue Hubbard to take control of particular elements of legal security for the CoS in 1968 and the Office of The Guardian was created with its head office situated at Saint Hill Manor. Under The Guardian's Workplace (later on relabelled the Workplace of Unique Affairs or OSA), Church members and contracted staff from Bureau One later arranged and devoted one of the largest penetration of United States federal agencies ever perpetrated by an organization not associated with a foreign federal government (that is, one such as the he said KGB).




In the trial which followed the discovery of these activities the prosecution explained their actions as such: The crime devoted by these defendants is of a breadth and scope previously unusual. No building, workplace, desk, or file was safe from their sleuthing and prying. No person or organization was complimentary from their despicable conspiratorial minds.


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The Church has also in the past utilized aggressive tactics in attending to those it views as attempting to reduce them, referred to as Suppressive Individuals (SPs) initially outlined by Hubbard as part of a policy called reasonable video game. It was under this policy that Paulette Cooper was targeted for having actually authored, a 1970 expos book about the Church and its founder.


Using blank paper known to have actually been dealt with by Cooper, Scientologists forged bomb dangers in her name. When fingerprints on them matched hers, the Justice Department began prosecution, which could have sent Cooper to jail for a lengthy term. The Church's strategy was found at the exact same time as its Operation Snow White actions were revealed.

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